What is the function of sebum in the skin?

Sebum plays a crucial role in maintaining skin health by providing lubrication and protection. It is an oily substance produced by sebaceous glands and serves several important purposes.

Firstly, sebum helps to keep the skin moisturized by forming a barrier that reduces water loss, preventing the skin from becoming dry and flaky. This lubrication is vital for maintaining skin elasticity and preventing irritation.

Secondly, sebum acts as a natural protector by helping to form a film that defends the skin against harmful environmental factors such as bacteria and pollutants. The antibacterial properties of sebum can aid in reducing the risk of skin infections.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately represent the primary functions of sebum. Exfoliation is primarily achieved through processes such as cell turnover or mechanical means, while enhancing skin color involves pigmentation, and tightening the skin relates to skin firmness, which is more influenced by collagen and elastin than by sebum.