What is the primary role of cilia?

Cilia are small, hair-like structures that extend from the surface of cells and play a vital role in movement. These tiny projections can beat in coordinated waves, which allows them to move fluid over the cell surface or even propel the cell itself in certain contexts. This capability makes movement the primary function of cilia.

For instance, in the respiratory system, cilia line the airways and work continuously to sweep mucus and trapped particles out of the lungs, helping to keep the respiratory tract clear of pathogens and debris. This action is essential for maintaining healthy lung function.

Other roles of cilia may include sensory functions or involvement in the movement of substances in certain organisms, further highlighting their importance in facilitating various forms of movement at a cellular level.